We introduce Voyager, the first LLM-powered embodied lifelong learning agent in Minecraft that continuously explores the world, acquires diverse skills, and makes novel discoveries without human intervention. Voyager consists of three key components: 1) an automatic curriculum that maximizes exploration, 2) an ever-growing skill library of executable code for storing and retrieving complex behaviors, and 3) a new iterative prompting mechanism that incorporates environment feedback, execution errors, and self-verification for program improvement. Voyager interacts with GPT-4 via blackbox queries, which bypasses the need for model parameter fine-tuning. The skills developed by Voyager are temporally extended, interpretable, and compositional, which compounds the agent's abilities rapidly and alleviates catastrophic forgetting. Empirically, Voyager shows strong in-context lifelong learning capability and exhibits exceptional proficiency in playing Minecraft. It obtains 3.3x more unique items, travels 2.3x longer distances, and unlocks key tech tree milestones up to 15.3x faster than prior SOTA. Voyager is able to utilize the learned skill library in a new Minecraft world to solve novel tasks from scratch, while other techniques struggle to generalize.
The PSP’s UMD drive is slow. The fix requires that eliminate the "gray void" effect where roads fail to load.
Over time, Rockstar ported LCS to other platforms. Each port attempted to recapture the magic but introduced new flaws. The question driving this paper is:
Boot the game, open your CFW recovery menu, and ensure your CPU clock speed is set to 333/166 for peak performance. The Ultimate Handheld Nostalgia Trip
The Seen in Liberty City mod is distributed as an , making it universally accessible across the entire PlayStation family ecosystem. Supported Platforms:
It includes custom music, radio stations (including the original PS2 soundtrack), and artwork. Key Features of the Fixed Port
For years, searching "gta 3 psp port fixed" led to dead links, Russian mod forums with broken instructions, and YouTube videos promising a "100% working ISO" that were actually just Liberty City Stories in disguise.
Unlike earlier, buggy homebrew attempts, the "Fixed" versions offer:
To appreciate the "fixed" state of the port, it is important to understand why it failed in the past. Early homebrew iterations tried to force-feed PC or PS2 assets directly into the PSP's limited memory. The PSP only has 32MB of RAM (64MB on later models like the PSP-2000, 3000, and Go), which immediately caused memory overflow crashes. Gamers faced invisible walls, missing textures, absent radio stations, and constant lag.
The original PSP had limited RAM (32MB on earlier models, 64MB on PSP-2000/3000). The community project optimized how assets are loaded, preventing the dreaded "crash-to-XMB" when spawning vehicles.
To understand why the "fixed" port is such a milestone, we have to look at how the port came to be. The project relies on , a groundbreaking, open-source reverse-engineered version of the GTA 3 source code.
Utilizing the PSP’s graphical processor better, allowing for higher, more stable frame rates (targeting 30 FPS, though often variable).
The PSP’s UMD drive is slow. The fix requires that eliminate the "gray void" effect where roads fail to load.
Over time, Rockstar ported LCS to other platforms. Each port attempted to recapture the magic but introduced new flaws. The question driving this paper is:
Boot the game, open your CFW recovery menu, and ensure your CPU clock speed is set to 333/166 for peak performance. The Ultimate Handheld Nostalgia Trip
The Seen in Liberty City mod is distributed as an , making it universally accessible across the entire PlayStation family ecosystem. Supported Platforms:
It includes custom music, radio stations (including the original PS2 soundtrack), and artwork. Key Features of the Fixed Port
For years, searching "gta 3 psp port fixed" led to dead links, Russian mod forums with broken instructions, and YouTube videos promising a "100% working ISO" that were actually just Liberty City Stories in disguise.
Unlike earlier, buggy homebrew attempts, the "Fixed" versions offer:
To appreciate the "fixed" state of the port, it is important to understand why it failed in the past. Early homebrew iterations tried to force-feed PC or PS2 assets directly into the PSP's limited memory. The PSP only has 32MB of RAM (64MB on later models like the PSP-2000, 3000, and Go), which immediately caused memory overflow crashes. Gamers faced invisible walls, missing textures, absent radio stations, and constant lag.
The original PSP had limited RAM (32MB on earlier models, 64MB on PSP-2000/3000). The community project optimized how assets are loaded, preventing the dreaded "crash-to-XMB" when spawning vehicles.
To understand why the "fixed" port is such a milestone, we have to look at how the port came to be. The project relies on , a groundbreaking, open-source reverse-engineered version of the GTA 3 source code.
Utilizing the PSP’s graphical processor better, allowing for higher, more stable frame rates (targeting 30 FPS, though often variable).
In this work, we introduce Voyager, the first LLM-powered embodied lifelong learning agent, which leverages GPT-4 to explore the world continuously, develop increasingly sophisticated skills, and make new discoveries consistently without human intervention. Voyager exhibits superior performance in discovering novel items, unlocking the Minecraft tech tree, traversing diverse terrains, and applying its learned skill library to unseen tasks in a newly instantiated world. Voyager serves as a starting point to develop powerful generalist agents without tuning the model parameters.
"They Plugged GPT-4 Into Minecraft—and Unearthed New Potential for AI. The bot plays the video game by tapping the text generator to pick up new skills, suggesting that the tech behind ChatGPT could automate many workplace tasks." - Will Knight, WIRED
"The Voyager project shows, however, that by pairing GPT-4’s abilities with agent software that stores sequences that work and remembers what does not, developers can achieve stunning results." - John Koetsier, Forbes
"Voyager, the GTP-4 bot that plays Minecraft autonomously and better than anyone else" - Ruetir
"This AI used GPT-4 to become an expert Minecraft player" - Devin Coldewey, TechCrunch
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@article{wang2023voyager,
title = {Voyager: An Open-Ended Embodied Agent with Large Language Models},
author = {Guanzhi Wang and Yuqi Xie and Yunfan Jiang and Ajay Mandlekar and Chaowei Xiao and Yuke Zhu and Linxi Fan and Anima Anandkumar},
year = {2023},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv: Arxiv-2305.16291}
}